A World as a Terminal of Self-Satisfaction
Kang Sun Hak (Art Critic)
The repetition and difference created by layering tiny, 4x4 mm objects across the entire screen serve as both a way of generating movement and a gaze through which to read the world. Depending on the scale of the canvas, the artwork appears as a circle from a proper distance, whereas from a closer view, the physical size and shape vividly reveal their original square form. While visual illusions and phantasms based on distance are techniques commonly used in op art, in Jo Yeon-seung’s work, this is not an optical error or illusion. Rather, it represents the double-sidedness of the world produced by a single image. Attention is drawn to the precision with which the image is constructed by sheer force—as a square seamlessly circulates and shifts into a circle, a solid into a plane, and a juxtaposition of colors into a singular impression.
At first glance, screens composed of black, white, gray, or pink, red, and blue may resemble the monochrome paintings characteristic of Korean art (Dansaekhwa). However, they are not actually constructed from a single color; instead, they achieve a monochromatic tone through the juxtaposition and mixing of various hues. The reason this should be referred to as "monochromatic tone painting" rather than "monochrome painting" is that maintaining a conceptual distance from traditional monochrome allows her unique characteristics to be read without preconceived notions. While the outward form may resemble that of monochrome masters, her work sustains a distinct distance from them in both form and content. In her method of revealing color, it is not an act of painting but of building; it is a unique color placement using a specific module called the square, where color manifests through juxtaposition. Furthermore, this approach differs from the tendencies of Pointillism, which relies on optical color mixing.
There are structural resemblances to the work of Chung Sang-hwa. However, while Chung’s work features sharp edge expressions that evoke a metallic, sensory response, Jo's work is built by attaching square dots with rough, tactile brushstrokes. The contrast deepens through the duality shown by the irregular construction of these juxtaposed, raised color dots. In that three-dimensional cubes of identical length and width are built upon a single screen, these are self-replicating forms that are repetitive and do not inherently reveal difference. Repetition usually produces regular rhythms, but in her work, it paradoxically yields irregular and free rhythms. While regularity can be seen in the method of juxtaposition, the ultimate built-up result displays dense, irregular rhythms.
This irregularity creates rhythm and difference. The repetition of identical sizes creates variations in height during the process of close attachment, structuring a visual difference between the cubic and the plane. The duality of this structure relates to the artist's unique gaze, viewing the world through the duality of reality (the actual) and the latent (the potential). This is a matter of distance and a rejection of conventional painting viewership. It serves as a paradox to the traditional viewing method, which requires a moderate distance. Additionally, the highs and lows of the bumps, the viewing distance, and the shifting gaze allow conflicting characteristics of a plane and a cube to coexist within a single screen. The distance between the viewer and the screen accompanies the perception and understanding of the latent state as the duality of monochrome and monochromatic tone, and actual possibility.
If a color appears singular, it shifts into a new terrain through the shading of the bumps according to the angle of the gaze, maximizing the physical characteristics that allow the object to define itself. That terrain is one of texture, physical attributes, and a contemplation of the world through tactile imagery. In particular, irregular repetition generates dual movements of the actual and the latent, rather than a mere rhythm of repetition. Rather than being faithful to the rhythm of repetition, her work reads a world where the impression of stillness—achieved through close attachment—coexists with the impression of change. It is a world filled with self-fulfillment rather than mere rhythm. When exploring the screen from an extremely close distance, it causes a pause, leading to a tactile sensation rather than flow and rhythm, creating the effect of an entirely different world composed of the tangent surfaces of planes and cubes. A fixed image of color, set like a dot within a structure of compatibility, coexistence, or juxtaposition, causes a shift from monochrome to monochromatic tone, transforming the rigid impression of a plane into dynamic movement. This image shines in its place as itself. It is neither the result of mixed color effects nor optical interactions. There is no optical illusion here; there is only physical self-depth. The height of the attached objects represents exactly that—dots and colors of self-satisfaction. It is a process of self-creation that requires no external validation. This reflects a contemplation on the nature of the material itself, independent of the representation of thought or experience.
One can hardly find the typical emotions created by coloring or the variations of ups, downs, and light and shade from a brush. It is, so to speak, coloring from which emotion has been excluded, making it impossible to reproduce a mood or an object. It is merely a color dot that leaves no room for the artist's subjective intervention. It is a structure without a central agent, in which the artist is completely excluded from color and form. Faithful only to each individual element, there is no room to insert emotion into the expression, nor to contain the form or representation of an object. A world made by the juxtaposition of elements that have become terminals of self-fulfillment—which cannot change color or shape within a $4\text{ mm}$ space—constitutes the entire world and the true identity of the ego. They simply remain gathered; no event or shape builds any ideological relationship. Her colors and objects are not placed to reenact an experience, but to fulfill a screen simply by being there. This is the world as she senses it.
"For Deleuze, art is what allows us to recognize the field of real, existing potential forces—or a field for the formation of forces—which is fundamentally the condition of sense through a sensuous format. In other words, the true capacity of art lies not in the creation of a shape or format, but in stimulating formation and allowing the shape to sink beneath, lifting the 'chaosmosis.' This is a field of chaos where the expressive materials and the power of art cannot be distinguished, and which is simultaneously a field of true formation. That is, art is not a reenactment of the expression of a form or an experience, but an expression of forces—forces that have never been perceived until now, or have never transcended the threshold of sense—which cause a shape to move lively (shape is a 'creation' of those forces). This very power makes us react, and changes our ability to react at the same time." She proposes the generative force that materials create in art.
Jo Yeon-seung’s work reveals a starkly different world and language when viewed from a moderate distance—like a walking man watching the screen—versus when viewed as closely as possible. The tactile language, which reveals a texture that feels as though it could be grasped by hand, and the flat characteristics seen from a proper distance, deftly stir the movement of the self-creating image to circulate between the actual and the latent, the concrete and the abstract.
This circulation between the actual and the latent according to distance is a crucial point of focus when reading Jo Yeon-seung’s work. The colors created by these small objects achieve a three-dimensional effect from a distance, yet they reveal not a 3D object, but a plane of color dots, becoming the actual state. Meanwhile, the three-dimensional tactility of the object seen up close turns the plane into a latent form. Between these two movements, she builds a double-sided sense of exercise that creates and reads the image of her work, alongside the transformation born from that movement. The exposure of potential power—perhaps that is the ultimate virtue of Jo Yeon-seung’s work. Potential power and the world of the latent state form the basis of reality; they are the silence not revealed in the actual, but always an attribute paired with reality. The awakening of that attribute is the world she has seen. The power to stir thought through material, without relying on concepts, and to encounter a world through the senses—this is the screen she shows us. Making us feel the creation of force: that is her work.